Due to the many question, merely read the following: Adapted from Taleemul Haqq (basic book for basic everyday rules)

Things that break one’s fast

Things that break one’s fast are of two kinds. Some make only Qaza necessary whilst others make both QAZA and KAFFAARAH compulsory.
1. Qaza:- To keep one fast in place of the one that breaks, or is broken intentionally.
2. Kaffarah:- To keep one fast after another for sixty days CONTINUOUSLY.

However, if a person is unable to keep these 60 Rozas for some valid reason e.g. continuous sickness, then one has the option of choosing from one of the following four:

1. Feed sixty poor people to their fill for two meals, or
2. Feed one poor person two meals a day for sixty days; or
3. Give 60 poor persons 3 1/2 Ibs. (approx. l.6kg of wheat or its value in cash or food grains)
4. Give to one poor person not less than 3 1/2 Ibs. of wheat, rice or food grains, etc. to its value or cash for sixty days.

May Allah Bless the author(s)